By Chantel Roedner, MD, FACOG
What is Dyspareunia?
Dyspareunia is a pain experienced with sexual intercourse. It can be primary (occurring from the very first sexual act) or secondary (occurring later in life). Pain may be related to endometriosis, fibroids, pelvic floor dysfunction, infections, skin or other nervous system medical conditions. Some experience pain after certain traumatic events including surgery or childbirth. Pain sensations can be internal, external or a combination of both. Pain can also be interpreted differently. Some report sharp, dull, aching, throbbing or twisting sensations.
How common is it?
It is a common condition, with upwards of 28% percent of individuals reporting pain during sex at some point in their lives. It can be temporary or more chronic depending on the cause of pain. It may be complete (every time one experiences penetrative sex) or situational. Often times the condition is underreported. Unfortunately, chronic pain has been associated with problems in one’s relationships and mental health disorders.
What can be done?
Thankfully there are many resources available. Talking with your primary or gynecology practitioner about your pain can be helpful. An exam or imaging of the pelvis (ultrasound) may be needed. Talking about such personal topics can be challenging, but an experienced provider will be able to guide you during the entire process. Pelvic physical therapy is another valuable tool. These therapists help identify triggers for pain, work on a treatment plan, and provide guidance on home exercises, all of which are designed to help you find relief.